Importance of the Urinary System Essay Example for Free

Importance of the Urinary dust EssayOther terms used to refer to the Urinary musical arrangement overwhelm the nephritic System and the Genito-urinary System * Important Functions of Urinary System *Besides removing waste from bloodstream, the urinary system preforms several other(a) functions as well. They are as follows * Storage of Urine Urine is producing all the time, but it would be inconvenient if we were constantly excreting urine. The Urinary vesica is an expandable sac that stores as much as 1 litre of urine. * Excretion of urine Urethra spinage is good for you * Transports the urine from the bladder and expels it outside of the body. Regulation of blood loudness Kidneys control the minds of the weak and volume of interstitial fluid and blood under direction of accepted hormones produced in your body. Change in blood volume affects blood drag, so kidneys indirectly affect the blood pressure of the body. * Regulation of erythrocyte output As kidneys filter bl ood, they are also measuring the oxygen level of the blood. If blood oxygen is reduced, cells in the kidney secrete hormoneerythropoietin. Erythropoietin acts as stem cells in the bone marrow to dish outincrease erythrocyte production.Functions of the Kidneys 1. Regulation of blood volume The kidneys conserve or eliminate water from the blood, which modulates the volume of blood in the body. 2. Regulation of blood pressure The kidneys enjoin blood pressure in 3 ways, by- * Adjusting thevolumeof blood in the body (by regulating the quantity of water in the blood see above), * Adjusting the flow of blood both into, and out of, the kidneys, and * Via the action of the enzymerenin. The kidneys secret renin, which activates the angiotensin-aldosterone pathway. 3. Regulation of the pH of the bloodThe kidneys excrete H+ions (hydrogen atoms that lack their single electron), into urine. At the same time, the kidneys also conserve bicarbonate ions (HCO3-), which are an important buffer of H+. 4. Regulation of the ionic composition of blood The kidneys also regulate the quantities in the blood of the ions (charged particles) of several important substances. Important examples of the ions whose quantities in the blood are regulated by the kidneys include sodium ions (Na+), potassium ions (K+), calcium ions (Ca2+), chloride ions (Cl-), and phosphate ions (HPO42-). . Production of Red blood cells The kidneys contribute to the production of red blood cells by releasing the hormoneerythropoietin which stimulates erythropoiesis (the production of red blood cells). 6. Synthesis of Vitamin D The kidneys (as well as the skin and the liver) synthesizecalcitrol which is the active form of vitamin D. 7. Excretion of waste products and foreign substances The kidneys help to excrete waste products and foreign substance from the body by forming urine (for release from the body).Examples of waste products from metabolic reactions within the body includeammonia(from the breakdown ofamino acids),bilirubin(from the breakdown of haemoglobin), andcreatinine(from the breakdown of creatine phosphate in muscle fibres). Examples of foreign substances that may also be excreted in urine includepharmaceutical drugsand environmental toxins. Functions of the Ureters 1. There are two ureters, one leading from each kidney to the urinary bladder. each(prenominal) of thesetransportsurine from the renal pelvis of the kidney to which it is attached, to the bladder (see diagram on the page aboutcomponents of the urinary system). . twain of the ureters pass beneath the urinary bladder, which results in the bladder compressing the ureters and hence preventing back-flow of urinewhen pressure in the bladder is high during urination. This prevention of back-flow is important be spend a penny when it is not operating correctly cystitis, which is inflammation of the ureter / urinary bladder, may develop into a kidney infection. Functions of the Bladder 1. The purpose of the urin ary bladder is to store urine prior to elimination of the urine from the body. 2. The bladder also expels urine into the urethra by a process calledmicturition(also known as urination).Micturition involves the actions of both voluntary and involuntary muscles. Lack of voluntary control over this process is referred to as incontinence. Functions of the Urethra 1. The urethra is the passageway through which urine is discharged from the body. 2. In males the urethra also serves as the duct through which source is ejaculated. Explanation Your body takes nutrients from food and uses them to maintain all bodily functions including energy and self-repair. After your body has interpreted what it needs from the food, waste products are left behind in the blood and in the bowel.The urinary system works with the lungs, skin, and intestinesall of which also excrete wastesto keep the chemicals and water in your body balanced. Adults eliminate about a quart and a half of urine each day. The amo unt depends on many factors, particularly the amounts of fluid and food a person consumes and how much fluid is lost through sweat and breathing. trusted types of medications can also affect the amount of urine eliminated. * Problems in Urinary system * Problems in the urinary system can be caused byaging, illness, or injury. As you get older, changes in the kidneys structure cause them to ose round of their ability to remove wastes from the blood. Also, the muscles in your ureters, bladder, and urethra tend to lose some of their strength. You may have much urinary infections because the bladder muscles do not tighten enough to empty your bladder completely. A change magnitude in strength of the muscles of the sphincters and the pelvis can also cause incontinence, the unwanted leakage of urine. Illness or injury can also prevent the kidneys from filtering the blood completely or block the passage of urine. * grow related facts Kidneys Thickening of capsuleDecrease cortical mas s -decrease renal blood flow common atrophy 30% by age 80 Altered permeability of glomeruli red of tubules -decreases ability to digest urine -decreased ability to regulate PH (Potential of Hydrogen) Loss of reserve capacity Bladder and Urethra Loss of muscle, centeringof bladderwall Less able to expand and contract -decreased max. volume -increase risk of infections More habitual urination 3 or more x/ a night Weakening of bladder sphincters Loss of control of external sphincters Disorders of Urinary System * Renal (kidney) failure esults when the kidneys are not able to regulate water and chemicals in the body or remove waste products from your blood. Acute renal failure (ARF) is the emergent onset of kidney failure. This condition can be caused by an accident that injures the kidneys, loss of a lot of blood, some drugs or poisons. ARF may lead to permanent loss of kidney function. But if the kidneys are not seriously damaged, they may recover. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) i s the gradual reduction of kidney function that may lead to permanent kidney failure, or end-stage renal disease (ESRD).You may go several years without knowing you have CKD. * Prostatitis 1. Bladder 2. Normal prostatic Gland 3. Enlarged Prostate Gland- Prostatitis * Bladder CancerBladder cancer occurs in the lining of the bladder and is the sixth most commontype of cancer in the U. S. Symptomslower back smart-blood in urinefrequent urge to urinatepain when you urinate Risk Factorssmokingexposure to certain chemicalsfamily historyolder, white or male Treatmentssurgeryradiationchemotherapy biologic therapy/immunotherapy. Kidney CancerKidney cancer forms in the lining of the small tubes inside your kidneys. Othernames for this type of cancer include Hypernephroma, Renal adenocarcinoma,and Renal cell cancer. Symptomsblood in urine-lump in abdomenunexplained weight losspain in your sideloss of appetite Risk Factorssmokingcertain genetic conditionsextended contumely of pain medication soccurs most often in people over 40 TreatmentsDepends on age, overall health and how advanced the cancer is in each particular patient. It can includesurgeryradiationchemotherapybiologic therapy/immunotherapy