Claims of the Third World

Innocent Love Walter McDonalds Essays

Innocent Love Walter McDonalds Essays Innocent Love Walter McDonalds Essay Innocent Love Walter McDonalds Essay Walter McDonald and Theodore Roethke similarly use sound devices in diverse ways to emphasize different facets of their poems while ultimately continuing to uphold a shared theme. Roethke does a particularly good job in My Papas Waltz of replicating the cadence of a waltz in the meter of its stanzas. Roethkes arrangement of mutes, aspirates, and semivowels not only complements the waltz like rhythm but also is able to highlight certain words and phrases. The first two stanzas of the poem, much like the introduction of the waltz, are smooth, long and flowing. The plurality of semivowels, aspirates, liquids and vowels almost trick our ears into believing we are actually hearing a waltz and the dancers are gliding effortlessly across the floor. However, in the third and fourth stanzas, the waltz comes to an abrupt halt with its smooth progressive rhythm being broken up by a collection of mutes. Words such as battered, missed, scraped, beat and clinging all break up the graceful waltz and suggest a more negative meaning. The emergence of mutes, especially in the last stanza where there is a strong mute ending in every line, Roethke suggests a paradox in the waltz where there seems to be a kind of underlying danger and violence to the dancing. The alcoholism of the father seems to be kept in check more or less by the controlled rhythm of the waltz and by the fathers and sons desire to maintain intimacy with each other. The waltz starts with a vowel sound, whiskey, but ends with appropriately a strong mute of clinging and connection. In contrast, in Walter McDonalds Life With Father there is a severe absence of strong mutes. Much like how the children hide from whiskey / in daddys snoring the poem flows through the seemingly pleasant vowels, aspirate, liquids and semivowels. Daddy is a perfect word that is a representation of the love and respect that comes from the constant fear that the children have for their father. McDonald could have easily inserted a strong mute to bring out the immense fear and panic of the children, but by not doing so he is able to show reverence and respect. The sound utilized by McDonald almost seems to stress softness, motion and ease. Even though fear is clearly apparent, the childrens overlying feelings of affection and respect for their father carry on amidst the strife and terror. The life with father cannot be even closely described as normal but yet the sounds utilized give us the impression that the children must be satisfied, and are thankful for what they have and find joy wherever possible. Thus we see that the overlying conflict between alcoholic parents and their simplistic nai ve children are often revealed explicitly in such poems as Life with Father and My Papas Waltz. Here both Walter McDonald and Theodore Roethke create an interesting paradox in their poems when they focus on the cruelty, brutality and viciousness of alcoholism in the home especially in relation to families but yet accentuate the ongoing feelings of love, affection, respect and compassion that children continue to hold for their fathers despite their faults. The similarities and differences of these poems in imagery and sound devices respectively, draw attention to the common theme that these poems have. McDonald and Roethke stress very effectively the strength of the family unit and its ability to preserve and endure through hardship. Problems such as alcoholism often break up families but these poems are a testament to the importance of the family unit and its unity and how amidst all conflict, love persists and thus can bind together all things.

Project Planning- Human Capital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Project Planning- Human Capital - Essay Example If communication is not done properly, a project’s failure is unavoidable (Sheryl R.). One of the most vital tasks of a project manager is to communicate the performance evaluation of the project to its employees and the customer. Communication of performance evaluation is very important for the success and future growth of a business but it may be met with some level of resistance and unlikely situations. A project manager needs to well plan the communication before he starts a performance evaluation. He should make a status report on the progress of the project; rate each employee’s performance on a prescribed scale and a review of the customer’s satisfaction. He can either organize a question- hour session, a group forum, or a one-on-one discussion session (projectsmart.co.uk). In case of a wedding project, the manager does the performance evaluation on the basis of the services rendered to the customer; meeting the wedding budget limit, customer satisfaction, management of sources, quality of the service, time management, customer experience, efficiency and performance of the employees, their behavior with the guests and the overall wedding quality (Wedding project management).

GLOBAL IMMIGRATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

GLOBAL IMMIGRATION - Essay Example Russian Federation is the largest in area country in the world. It contains a lot of regions populated by people from different cultures and ethnicities. Though the country doesn’t set itself up as the liberal one and doesn’t really welcome different cultures. Vice versa the National Immigration Service works hard to fight with illegal immigrants as immigration situation in modern Russia is complicated and causes a lot of problems for society. The problem started to appear in 1990’s when the USSR collapsed and Russian people became free to immigrate to other countries, as they hadn’t had that opportunity in Soviet Union; in addition, a lot of Russians who in soviet times were forced to leave certain territories like North Caucasus came back to their motherlands. Another factor of the depopulation was the high level of mortality and weak health care system. So the post-Soviet Russia started suffering from population crisis (Anderson 437). However, the Russi an borders also became open for several ethnicities who were evicted from their native lands that were parts of soviet territory. Since the collapse of Soviet Union Russian Federation has become one of the most powerful states in the world and definitely it made Russia attractive for immigrants, so it is â€Å"the world’s second largest immigration heaven† (Malinkin n.pag.) nowadays. In American society Russia isn’t considered to be the country where people usually strive to move. This fact became obvious when in his recent interview the President Obama stated that â€Å"immigrants aren’t rushing to Moscow in search of opportunity† (Malinkin n.pag.) and he was mistaken, as they really are rushing to Moscow in great numbers. The strange fact of high immigration rate makes people wonder what are the reasons for people to strive to the country which economy is rather instable and the level of life is not that much higher than theirs. According

The Theatre of Marcellus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Theatre of Marcellus - Essay Example Today, there are a number of theories regarding what is architecture and they continue to change with time, material, usage of the structure and so forth. To help limit our discussion, Vitruvius provides us with three basic elements of design that must be considered when attempting to understand architecture. These include utility, flexibility and beauty. â€Å"By utility, Vitruvius means the functional arrangement of rooms and spaces so that there is no hindrance to use and so that a building is perfectly adjusted to its site. Firmness referred to foundations that were solid and to building materials being used wisely to do their required work. Beauty meant that ‘the appearance of the work is pleasing and in good taste, and [that] its members are in due proportion according to correct principles of symmetry† (Roth 11). These three principles will be taken into account in an examination of the architecture of the ancient Theatre of Marcellus as it existed within its cont emporary society and as it has influenced architecture into the future. Social life in ancient Rome was full of spectacle including triumphal processions, aristocratic funerals, public banquets, gladiatorial contests, wild beast shows, athletic competitions and chariot races. â€Å"As a whole, this pervasive culture of spectacle served both as a vehicle for self-advertisement by the sociopolitical elite and as a means of reinforcing the shared values and institutions of the entire community† (Klar, 2006). One form of entertainment that had long-term impact upon the citizens of the city was the theatre. â€Å"According to the ancient historian Livy, the earliest theatrical activity at Rome took the form of dances with musical accompaniment, introduced to the city by the Etruscans in 364 BC† (Klar, 2006). Full length plays were introduced by 240 BC through the comedies and tragedies of

Hume On Ideas Of Skepticism Philosophy Essay

Hume On Ideas Of Skepticism Philosophy Essay In the late 1700s, philosopher David Hume was looking to improve the ideas of empiricism created by John Locke and George Berkeley, but he took it to an extreme of radical skepticism. The way in which he attempted to improve Lockes ideas of empiricism was that he would apply scientific methods of observation to the nature of human beings. Hume felt that we should try to observe humans and how they function in the world, primarily because that made the most sense to him. By doing this, he thought that he would be able to uncover the true causes of human belief. He also believed that the real goal of philosophy was to be able to explain why and how we believe the things we do. Hume wrote about his goal in his book, Treatise of Human Nature. David Humes idea of skepticism was set up to contrast with what we considered ordinary claims of knowledge, which is different from Descartes in that Descartes used doubt and skepticism as a way to find out the foundations and roots of knowledge. Hume stated that you can neither inductively or deductively establish knowledge from the external world. When we talk about induction, we are assuming that nature is constant in that what has happened before is more than likely going to happen again. You can compare it to a trend because you know what is going to happen based on prior experience with it. But in this case, we cant use induction because we have no proof of it playing a role in this situation. And deduction cannot work either because the things we know about something might be only a fraction of the information that we might actually be able to learn about these physical objects. Since this is the case, the things we consider to be factual or that exist are not allowed to be ob jects of knowledge. Human belief, according to David Hume contains several different mental elements. He determined that from actual experience, we have impressions which are very vivid, realistic and to the point. He also determined that ideas take the original impressions and attempt to copy them, usually doing a less than savory job in doing so. For instance, looking at an orange, and knowing that it is in fact, the color orange is an impression, but remembering what your first grade teacher looked like is an example of an idea. Hume argued that every idea comes from an impression, and he said that it makes sense for us to ask what the basis of our ideas are by finding out what the impressions were that they came from. He also argued that every one of our ideas and our impressions has the ability to be separated from all the others and when we manage to connect one of our ideas to another idea, this is simply the consequence of how we think. Hume also talked about the difference in two belief types in Enquiry IV. There is what he referred to as relations of ideas, which is the result of our beliefs being associated inside our mind. And then there are matters of fact, which see things that are in existence and take those things and give an explanation and description of those things. Real knowledge is what we assume to be genuine information, and Hume was very much concentrated on explaining where the knowledge came from. Hume felt that in order to be able to learn, we must first realize and accept the fact that the experiences we had in the past have at the very least something to do with what is going on in the present, as well as what it might do to influence the future. But everyone seems to think that our past and present will both resemble what the future will look like. But this isnt self evident. There is always that change and likelihood that things will change in the future, that nature will all of a sudden change and this makes any inferences we have from the past and for the future appear to be uncertain. So keeping this in mind, Hume makes it clear that everything we consider to be absolutely the truth are all non-rational. Hume used an example of this in his story of how the sun rises each day, and although our belief that the sun will rise tomorrow is based on observation of previous sunrises, other than us thinking we know that the rotation of the earth causes the sun rise and set, there is no rational basis for us to know that it will rise again the next day; but for some reason we just believe that it will happen anyway. When Hume talks about belief as it pertains to habit, he says that unjustifiable beliefs with the help of habit or even custom can have an explanation because it has habit or custom. This is how we are able to take from experience and apply it to what we know. But with Humes skepticism we arent allowed to think outside the content of our experiences or our memories, but for some reason we consistently do just that. Since Hume says that unjustifiable beliefs with the help of habit or even custom can have an explanation because it has habit or custom, it in turn can be said that our beliefs, considered to us as facts, come from our sentimental feelings as opposed to actual reason. According to Hume, what we imagine and what we believe are only different in how we interpret them. Hume states that habit and custom are very important to the foundation of natural science. When it comes to necessary connection, Hume states that the way we think we know that events are related is habit or custom that we get from our personal experience. Once we observe how often these particular events happen with one another, we are able to then create ideas, which in turn forces us to expect that particular outcome when these particular events occur. But, the one thing that we are forgetting to mention is the fact that the cause will in some way or fashion produce an effect. But even if we couldnt prove the belief to be true, there has to be a reason for why we think it and believe it to be true. The way in which Hume felt was the best way to prove something to be true was to look for the first sign in which the idea was found. By being able to trace back to where the idea originated, Hume argues that by doing so we will be able to make the connection between the cause and the effect. (He wrote about this in Enquiry VII). Hume also had a lot to say about the self as well. In the Treatise, David Hume discussed how in our self there is also a belief of our reality. Hume asks, From what antecedent impression does the idea of the self arise? Hume makes it very clear that we are never completely aware of ourselves. What I mean by that is that we cant make an impression in relation to the self. The things we experience are individual and separate ideas which are in association with one another based on causality. When talking about the external world, Hume believes that the belief we have about the external world is completely non-rational. (This found in Enquiry XII) This is true because our belief of the external world cannot be supported as matter of fact, nor can it be considered as a relation of ideas. Even though there isnt any way to prove or justify this, belief in the external world cannot be avoided but it is in fact natural. We seem to have a tendency to assume that our ideas are backed up by some form of proof, even though it would appear as though we do not have any proof in doing so. Because of this representationalism no longer exists, and everything that was supposed to act as a middle man between things and those who perceive those things becomes absorbed, which makes all the things other than us completely unnecessary and obsolete. David Hume also talks a lot about Mitigated Skepticism. Mitigated Skepticism basically means unbelief. What it is implies is that sure, we can proclaim that knowledge is impossible; but whether it is or isnt doesnt matter. What we really need to be looking for is just a mental decision or judgment in regards to the question or situation. We really just need something to say in response to it. Hume is a very important figure when it comes to skepticism. One of the best arguments in skepticism was his argument against believing miracles. He claimed that to be a miracle, something must defy all laws of nature. There is so much proof against the existence of a miracle. There are certain laws of nature which the idea of a miracle does not obey. Humes argument for skepticism is not only limited to just miracles. The same principles of his argument can be applied to such things as, channeling, levitation, psychic surgery, and may more. Basically anything that requires us to neglect our experience and not allow ourselves to use it as a guide. That being the case, and there being so many different examples that would fit into this category, there is one that doesnt make it that many people make the mistake of thinking it does. That would be ESP, unless you argue that ESP external to the laws of nature. But since ESP still maintains that it follows the laws of nature that havent be en discovered, Humes argument cant work for it. David Hume makes it clear to us that there are two forms of skepticism. One being antecedent skepticism and the other being consequent skepticism. And for each of these types of skepticism, there are two forms, one being a moderate form and the other being an extreme form. When it comes to skepticism in its extreme form, we can bring in Descartes universal doubt that starts to question beyond what Hume questioned by even challenging all prior opinions and even what our senses tell us. Without at least one principle, theres no way a skeptic can accept this. But for Hume, no first principle can be so self-evident that it can be beyond any doubt. But lets say that there were a first principle, there would be no way that we could proceed after it, and this is because we still doubt ourselves to the point that we can use deductive reasoning. When discussing the Enquiry, David Hume seems to be using consequent skepticism. I say this only because it makes us question our own judgments and conclusions by bringing into question the very grounds for which they lay upon. Hume talks specifically of the testimony of senses that tells us that there is a world that is not only external to us, but also independent of all of our senses. Our instinct is what leads us to think that what we consider to be a depiction of the external world is what our senses inform us of. But our perceptions change, as well as there are cases in which we become completely deceived in the event that we become crazy, or we become possessed by dreams we might have. Once again, experience tends to be the only thing that can fully justify our belief through the external world. But on that same note, even experience does not allow us to go passed any perceptions we are skeptical about. Because of this, Hume says we have no rational justification for our belie f in the external world.

From Victimization to Independence in The Color Purple by Alice Walker

The novel The Color Purple by Alice Walker, won the American Book Award in fiction in 1983 (Slomski). Celie was raped and impregnated by the man she considered to be her father twice at the age of fourteen, and then later married off to a poor black farmer. The man who Celie is sold to treats her as if she is a servant, not as his wife. Mr.___ believes that women are supposed to serve men, while they enjoy life. Mr.__’s other beliefs about women are that they should obey their husbands, work, and not be seen or heard (Averbach). Women in this time period were seen as children. They did not deserve to be respected and needed to be controlled by a man. Celie endures over thirty years of physical and mental abuse by her husband. Celie develops a strong relationship with many female characters in the novel such as Nettie, Shug Avery, and Sophia. They show Celie how to believe that joy can come even to her, how to celebrate life’s pleasures that are given by God, to stand up for herself, how to appreciate her own beauty, and help her to discover herself (Slomski). Although Celie has been victimized for over thirty years, she finds the strength within herself to become an independent woman through the help of other females. Celie’s abuse first starts when her stepfather rapes and verbally abuses her â€Å"He never had a kine word to say to me. Just say You gonna do what your mammy wouldn’t†¦. He started to choke me saying You better shut up and git used to it. But I don’t ever get used to it. And now I feels sick every time I be the one to cook† (1). After Celie is raped by her stepfather, she is told â€Å"you better not never tell nobody but God. It’d kill your mammy† (1). Celie did exactly as she is told and becomes silent about her abuse, an... ... celebrate life’s pleasures that are given by God, to stand up for herself, and how to appreciate her own beauty (Slomski). By Celie overcoming her flaws she increases her self-confidence. Celie destroys Mr.___’s power over her, and turns it against him by getting him to like the pants she sews (Harris). When Celie finally releases all the power Mr. ___ had over her for so many years, she is finally able to call him by his real name which is Albert. Although Celie has been â€Å"owned, beaten, and degraded by her husband’s† (Sadoff 133), she finds forgiveness in him for mistreating her for so many years. Celie is able to forgive Albert after she realizes that she no longer hates him because of the love they both share for Shug. Celie comes from being beaten and used by others to establishing her own business and living life independently (Harris). From Victimization to Independence in The Color Purple by Alice Walker The novel The Color Purple by Alice Walker, won the American Book Award in fiction in 1983 (Slomski). Celie was raped and impregnated by the man she considered to be her father twice at the age of fourteen, and then later married off to a poor black farmer. The man who Celie is sold to treats her as if she is a servant, not as his wife. Mr.___ believes that women are supposed to serve men, while they enjoy life. Mr.__’s other beliefs about women are that they should obey their husbands, work, and not be seen or heard (Averbach). Women in this time period were seen as children. They did not deserve to be respected and needed to be controlled by a man. Celie endures over thirty years of physical and mental abuse by her husband. Celie develops a strong relationship with many female characters in the novel such as Nettie, Shug Avery, and Sophia. They show Celie how to believe that joy can come even to her, how to celebrate life’s pleasures that are given by God, to stand up for herself, how to appreciate her own beauty, and help her to discover herself (Slomski). Although Celie has been victimized for over thirty years, she finds the strength within herself to become an independent woman through the help of other females. Celie’s abuse first starts when her stepfather rapes and verbally abuses her â€Å"He never had a kine word to say to me. Just say You gonna do what your mammy wouldn’t†¦. He started to choke me saying You better shut up and git used to it. But I don’t ever get used to it. And now I feels sick every time I be the one to cook† (1). After Celie is raped by her stepfather, she is told â€Å"you better not never tell nobody but God. It’d kill your mammy† (1). Celie did exactly as she is told and becomes silent about her abuse, an... ... celebrate life’s pleasures that are given by God, to stand up for herself, and how to appreciate her own beauty (Slomski). By Celie overcoming her flaws she increases her self-confidence. Celie destroys Mr.___’s power over her, and turns it against him by getting him to like the pants she sews (Harris). When Celie finally releases all the power Mr. ___ had over her for so many years, she is finally able to call him by his real name which is Albert. Although Celie has been â€Å"owned, beaten, and degraded by her husband’s† (Sadoff 133), she finds forgiveness in him for mistreating her for so many years. Celie is able to forgive Albert after she realizes that she no longer hates him because of the love they both share for Shug. Celie comes from being beaten and used by others to establishing her own business and living life independently (Harris).